Byte Alignment Definition Byte alignment is a memory layout rule in computer programming where the starting address of data in memory must be a multiple of its own size. One can imagine memory as a series of contiguous small boxes, each of size 1 byte, with each box having a unique address starting from 0: … Read more
In-Depth Analysis of Pointer Mechanisms in Linux 1. Basic Concepts and Essence of Pointers 1.1 What is a Pointer A pointer is one of the most fundamental and complex concepts in the C language. Essentially, a pointer is a variable that stores a memory address. Just like a house number in real life, a pointer … Read more
0 Introduction Recently, I encountered a situation where the ROM size was quite tight, and the code size was too large, resulting in the inability to fit all the code into the ROM. I had to optimize the C code line by line. During the optimization process, I noticed that in previous cases, some frequently … Read more
First Author: Zequan Zhao Corresponding Author: Jiang Zhou Affiliation: Central South University 【Research Background】 Developing safe and environmentally friendly secondary battery systems is a core proposition for the next generation of electrochemical energy storage technology upgrades. Among many candidate systems, aqueous zinc metal batteries (ZMBs) have become a highly promising direction in the field of … Read more
Follow our official account to keep the embedded knowledge flowing! 1. Communication in Embedded Systems In embedded Linux projects, there are various options for inter-process communication: Message Queues (POSIX MQ): Complicated API, message size is limited (usually 8KB), and cross-machine communication requires rewriting. Shared Memory + Semaphores: Best performance, but requires manual synchronization, which can … Read more
In the world of the Linux operating system, system calls serve as the “bridge” for user-space programs to interact with kernel-space, determining how programs access hardware resources and execute core operations. The “system call hook” technology acts like an intelligent “observation station” and “control valve” on this bridge—capable of real-time monitoring of the program’s kernel … Read more
Embedded Systems Panorama: System Performance and Optimization Practices Embedded Linux systems are increasingly applied in fields such as industry, communications, automotive, and smart devices. Performance optimization and system tuning are core aspects that ensure device stability, timely response, and efficient resource utilization. System performance tuning involves not only subsystems like CPU, memory, I/O, storage, and … Read more
In the current era where the scale of artificial intelligence models is growing exponentially to trillions of parameters, traditional chip architectures are facing unprecedented performance and energy efficiency bottlenecks. While an NVIDIA H100 GPU cluster takes several weeks to train the Llama70B model, the wafer-scale computing platform Cerebras WSE-3 can complete the same task in … Read more
1. Founding Time and Standardization Founding Time：The CSV format originated in 1972, first implemented by the IBM Fortran compiler team in the OS/360 system.The standardized version was formally defined in RFC 4180 (October 2005). Core Contributors： IBM Fortran Team：Original implementation team Y. Shafranovich：Main author of RFC 4180 Community Collaboration：The widespread adoption of database and spreadsheet … Read more
Follow our public account for timely embedded content! 👇 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Basic Syntax and Semantics 3. Detailed Explanation 4. Conclusion 1. Introduction The switch statement is a fundamental concept that every C/C++ programmer must learn. It appears simple: an expression, a series of case labels, and an optional default. However, behind … Read more
